Hopkin’s Rose Nudibranch

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While doing some San Francisco Area tidepooling, we came across a few examples of this colorful creature. This pink nudibranch brightens local tide pools. Nudibranchs, also called sea slugs, are sea snails without a shell.

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This stunning creature is named for its vibrant, rosy-pink coloration, which it gets from its diet of pink encrusting bryozoans, just like flamingos get their flamboyant pink hue from the shrimp they eat. The Hopkin’s Rose Nudibranch is found in the intertidal zone, where it can be seen on rocks, pilings, and other hard surfaces.

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It is most common in the warmer waters of Southern California, but its range extends from Northern Baja California, Mexico, to the lower Oregon coast. Historically, it was rare to see Hopkin’s rose nudibranchs north of San Francisco, but in recent years they have become more common in southern Oregon.

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Many nudibranchs wear bright colors that may warn predators that they taste bitter or foul. Usually the only animals that eat nudibranchs are other nudibranchs. The name “nudibranch” means “naked gill,” and the feathery gills of these animals take many fancy forms.

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The species grows to be about an inch long and is nearly weightless. Like other marine gastropods, this nudibranch has a flat, muscular “foot” along the ventral or bottom side of its body that it uses to crawl along the substrate.

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Black Prickleback

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I caught this super cool creature while tidepooling on the California Coast. The Black Prickleback has an elongated eel-like body and is dark reddish brown to black in color with a pale head.

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The head is small with two distinctive dark bands radiating from each eye. It has a long dorsal fin that runs into its tail fin giving the illusion of having a full-body fin. It grows to about a foot in length.

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This fish prefers to live in rocky terrain with algae cover. It can be found under rocks and gravel; smaller examples are commonly found in tidepools. They are capable of breathing air and can be out of water for up to a day. When not submerged under water, they keep moist by burrowing under seaweed and wet rocks.

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The Black Prickleback is found mostly on coastlines from the Gulf of Alaska to southern California, where it consumes green and red algae, crustaceans, polychaetes, snails and surfgrass.

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Spawning takes places from February to April off the west coast of the United States and from April to mid-May off the coast of British Columbia. Females lay 700 to 4000 eggs under rocks or other protected areas. The eggs are deposited one by one and fertilized by the male. They are then shaped into spherical clusters by the mother and father. The father then guards the eggs until they hatch.

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Pricklebacks belong a family of elongate fishes found in the cool northern oceans, with most species in the northern Pacific. In most species, all the dorsal rays are strong, sharp spines – which is the source of the common name “Prickleback.”

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Gumboot Chiton

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While tidepooling in California, I came across this fine creature. Also known as the Giant Western Fiery Chiton or the Giant Pacific Chiton, it is the largest of the chitons, growing to 14 inches and capable of reaching a weight of more than 4 pounds.

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This creature is found along the shores of the northern Pacific Ocean from Central California to Alaska. It inhabits the lower intertidal and subtidal zones of rocky coastlines.

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The Gumboot Chiton’s appearance has led some tidepoolers to refer to it, fondly, as the “Wandering Meatloaf.” The name “Gumboot Chiton” seems to derive from a resemblance to part of a rubber Wellington boot or “gum rubber” boot.

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Chitons are mollusks that have eight armored plates running in a flexible line down their back. Unlike most chitons, the Gumboot’s plates are completely hidden by its leathery upper skin that usually is reddish-brown or brown, but occasionally is orange in color.

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Chitons have long arrays of fine teeth that are partially made of magnetite, making them hard enough to scrape algae off rocks. The Gumboot Chiton’s underside is orange or yellow and consists mostly of a large foot similar to that of other mollusks such as snails or slugs, with gills found in grooves running along the outer edge of the foot.

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The Gumboot Chiton has a lifespan of more than 40 years.

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